What are the tests for diabetes in child?

Glucose (sugar) leve: The primary diagnostic criteria is a fasting blood glucose (sugar) level over 125. If symptoms are present, a random sugar over 200 is diagnostic, or any sugar over 300. Glycated hemoglobin, aka hga1c, over 6.5% is another criteria, and can be helpful in determining how long the high blood sugars have been present.

Urine/blood: Most children with diabetes have type 1 and present with high blood sugar, very low Insulin and c-peptide and urine which is positive for glucose and ketones. A hba1c will be elevated, which is a marker of chronic blood sugar control extending over a few months back. If the child has diabetic ketoacidosis, labs will be followed hourly for glucose and electrolytes. Other blood tests are also done.