Baby given dexamethasone to treat stridor at 3.5 mo old (1 mo corrected age). is there risk for neurological impairment if this prescription given at this age?

No: It's basically used for treating the inflammation in the air way. The neurological risk is if the stridor persisted and was severe enough to interfere with oxygenation. That would be a potential neurological risk.

Workup/Mgt: If your baby has BPD, problems swallowing, RVH and has a Nissen to treat GER, I would recommend a swallowing study. There may be aspiration from the mouth to the airway underlying this problem. The secondary effect of inflammation of the airway may be possible to manage with a nebulized form of steroids as well. As the baby grows, new lung units will form that do not have BPD.

Short periods ok: Short term steroid use beneficial for respiratory problem and does not have long lasting effects. Chronic steroid use can result in complications.