My bf has barretts esophagus, what will happen if he does not have surgery?

Is there dysplasia?: The key issue with barrett's is whether there is any dysplasia . Dysplasia is an abnormality of the cells of the esophagus that have a distinct microscopic appearance. High-grade dysplasia (hgd) requires rx (surgical or endoscopic); low-grade dysplasia (lgd) warrants very close surveillance. Ironically, anti-reflux surgery has not led to a regression in barrett's changes as one would think.

Depends. : Barrett's esophagus is a condition that arises due to chronic acid reflux or gerd. It increases the likelihood of developing esophageal cancer. There is a procedure called halo which can cure barrett's without major surgery. The more important step is to get his reflux fixed by either a tif (transoral incisionless fundoplication) or a laparoscopic nissen fundoplication.