Can analgesic throat lozenges cause tongue sores?

Possibly: Some analgesic throat lozenges contain benzocaine, one of the "-caine" family (novocaine/procaine/marcaine/etc) of analgesics; some people develop an allergic reaction to benzocaine. Menthol is another ingredient that may cause reactions. Eucalyptus is a third ingredient that may be associated with allergic reactions. See a fp/allergist to find out if this is your situation.