Could vomiting induce stomach acid?

No, but...: ... When you vomited, it is very possible that the acid irritated your esophagus. So if you are feeling heartburn symptoms now, it could be due to the vomiting which occurred. I would recommend a short course of acid reducers such as Zantac (ranitidine) twice a day or omeprazole once a day. If your symptoms are not gone in a week, consult your doctor. Good luck.