I know it's a long list (probably) but what are the main things that an abdominal ultrasound look for/treat?

Abd ultrasound: Abdominal ultrasound is most commonly use to diagnosis gallstones or acute cholecystitis. It can also help diagnose appendicitis, cysts, inflammation of the bowel wall, liver/spleen enlargement or masses, and pancreatic enlargement or masses.

Treats nothing: Abdominal ultrasound does not treat anything. Using an ultrasound you can look at the liver, pancreas, gallbladder, spleed, kidneys and major blood vessels. They can also be used to look at a fetus in pregnant women. It is the best first test to use when evaluting for gallbladder problems. It does a good job finding masses, cysts or fluid. It doesn't evaluate intestinal problems very well.