Question 1

what to do about mycobacterium intracellular (not avium)?

Accepted Answer

Mycobacteria: Mycobacterium intracellulare is something of a difficult bacterium to treat. Depending on the site of infection, you either need an Infectious Diseases specialist or a lung specialist.  Sometimes you need both! Usually this germ attacks those that are weakened - either by disease (cancer, AIDS) or some structural problem - such as damaged airways from smoking. There is good treatment, though.

Question 2

what type of pathogen is always intracellular?

Accepted Answer

Intracellular germs: Some types of germs can only grow inside of human cells, whereas others may not have to. It depends on the unique metabolic features of each germ. We call these "obligate intracellular" organisms. Viruses are a great example. Some bacterial species include Chlamydia, Rickettsia, and Coxiella. There are protozoa too like Plasmodium spp. (which cause malaria), plus Toxoplasma and Cryptosporidium

Question 3

can intracellular proteins be stained by the same protocol used to stain t & b cells? what are your expert opinions?

Accepted Answer

Yes: In order to stain cellular proteins a monoclonal antibody must be produced against the protein.  This antibody is prepared for use in a kit utilizing immunoperoxidase where a stain is attached to  the antibody and the sectioned tissue undergoes the immunohistochemical procedure to allow visualization of the protein.

Question 4

hi dr, what does these means from lab report: no yeast cells, trichomonas vaginalis or gram negative intracellular diplococci or clue cells seen.

Accepted Answer

Details matter: It means a lab technician looked at a sample (likely from a vagina) and did not see yeast cells (many yeast cells would mean vaginal thrush), did not see Trichomonas (those would be tiny swimmers with 5 tails), did not see gram negative diplococci (those could be gonorrhea), did not see clue cells (clue cells with a malodorous vagina would be bacterial vaginosis). So, NOT seeing these is good.

Question 5

if cell membrane rupture, can contents flowing out of the ruptured cell react with compounds in the extracellular fluid to form another compound? why?

Accepted Answer

Yes: Yes. That is chemistry. In a living organism it is Biology/ Physiology. Happens all the time e.g . Malaria Parasite getting into the body through a Mosquito Bite (Extracellular), the parasites traveling to the liver &amp; infecting Red Blood Cells   (Intracellular) which  then Burst from much parasite multiplication. Others like HIV AIDS also.

Question 6

if an organ was punched hardly, will a cell  burst or its membrane rupture such that  cellular content will flow out into the extracellular fluid?

Accepted Answer

Organ rupture: If an organ is traumatized and ruptures, bleeding may only occur within the organ itself, but if the protective membrane bursts, blood will leak out of the organ(such as spleen or kidney) and bleed into the abdominal cavity or chest cavity if the lung was ruptured.

Question 7

i am 34 years old with a family history of cancer. i have been for a mammogram and found out that my breasts are very very dense. and they have found an intracellular lymph. they have asked to c me in 6 months. should i be concerned?

Accepted Answer

Dense breasts: Mammography reading  of very dense breasts are like trying to see another car on the road at night in a fog with no lights on.  It is more common in under age 40 patients and warrants a return in the 6 month recommended time frame so that the Radiologist can more accurately compare the first mammogram to the new one to see any changes. Please follow through with the recommendation.

Question 8

what does this mean? elongation of the papillae, basal cell hyperplasia, intracellular edema, and focal degranulation of eosinophils

Accepted Answer

Nothing by itself: IF this is your esophageal biopsy, then chances are you have mild reflux esophagitis. The pathologist may also note whether any malignant cells were seen, or anything else nastier was noted.

Question 9

while palpating, i pressed my caput epididymis very hard. will some cell in rete testis burst or intracellular fluid flow out of broken cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Doubt damage: It seems unlikely that pressing or pinching the epididymis would do more than cause bruising and irritation. If there is swelling/pain, wearing tight jockey shorts and sitting in a warm bathtub (not necessarily at the same time...) would be good first aid. If problems continue, consult your doctor or an urgent care.

Question 10

is there a test to measure intracellular level b12? some variants transcobalamin ii are ineffective in transporting it across the cell membrane even when serum levels are normal. a functional deficiency. test would help determine treatment?

Accepted Answer

: If it's at all possible, I would think it's only done by research studies &amp; labs.
B12, orally,sublingually or parenterally is a very innocuous substance. Excessive amounts are simply excreted in the urine. Therefore, if there's any doubt, I vote for administering it in strong doses &amp; frequency although I wasn't familiar with transport issues at the cellular level.

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Doctor answers about:

Intracellular and extracellular diplococci

A member asked:

What to do about mycobacterium intracellular (not avium)?

A member asked:

What type of pathogen is always intracellular?

A member asked:

Can intracellular proteins be stained by the same protocol used to stain t & b cells? what are your expert opinions?

A member asked:

Hi dr, what does these means from lab report: no yeast cells, trichomonas vaginalis or gram negative intracellular diplococci or clue cells seen.

A member asked:

If cell membrane rupture, can contents flowing out of the ruptured cell react with compounds in the extracellular fluid to form another compound? why?

A member asked:

If an organ was punched hardly, will a cell burst or its membrane rupture such that cellular content will flow out into the extracellular fluid?

A member asked:

I am 34 years old with a family history of cancer. i have been for a mammogram and found out that my breasts are very very dense. and they have found an intracellular lymph. they have asked to c me in 6 months. should i be concerned?

A member asked:

What does this mean? elongation of the papillae, basal cell hyperplasia, intracellular edema, and focal degranulation of eosinophils

A member asked:

While palpating, i pressed my caput epididymis very hard. will some cell in rete testis burst or intracellular fluid flow out of broken cell membrane?

A member asked:

Is there a test to measure intracellular level b12? some variants transcobalamin ii are ineffective in transporting it across the cell membrane even when serum levels are normal. a functional deficiency. test would help determine treatment?

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