Could the immune system attack nerve cells and kill the nerves throughout the body? is this rare? whats this diagnosed as.

Nerve cells: Yes, the nervous system can be the target of an inflammatory response by the immune system. If such attack occurs in the brain or spinal cord it is called cerebritis or gliosis and myelitis. Multiple sclerosis is an example of this phenomenon. If the attack occurs in the nerves of te arms or legs then it is called neuropathy. Certain clinical syndromes are recognized depending the progression and distribution.