Explain the condition called adult respiratory distress syndrome.?

Emergency: ARDS is a general term for acute respiratory failure in which the capillaries in the lungs leak causing the air spaces to fill with fluid. There are many causes. Treatment requires supplemental oxygen and a search for the underlying cause. Mechanical ventilation with a "breathing machine" temporarily is necessary in many cases.

Broad : Bad lung disease with high mortality , 50% or so will find no obvious cause . Aspiration and pneumonia and sepsis ( overwhelming infection) are the most common causes along with many others.

Lung injury: In certain conditions such as sepsis and trauma the fragile membrane where air exchange takes place in the lung is damaged by inflammatory chemicals in the blood. This causes the barrier to leak and the air spaces can fill with fluid blocking appropriate air transfer. The lungs also become stiff and difficult to inflate increasing the work of breathing.