Could a broken up kidney stone clog more holes and make the situation worse?

Yes: If one has a large kidney stone and is broken up with surgery (laser, lithotripsy, etc.), the smaller fragments can drop into the kidney tube (ureter) and cause obstruction and pain. This can lead to another surgery if the stones are large or if there are many stones piled on top of each other in the ureter since they may not pass spontaneously.

Not usually: With lithotripsy, larger stones are broken up into many smaller fragments, usually making them easier to pass. However, smaller stones can travel down the ureter and may cause obstruction.