Can you tell me how a burns victim could develop renal failure?

Two ways: Severe burns cause a massive fluid loss and , if not replaced, can result in shock and poor blood flow to the kidneys. The other way is for deep or electrical burns to cause massive muscle injury (rhabdomyolysis). This releases products and proteins(myoglobin) into the circulation which are toxic to the kidneys. We try to prevent the kidney injury with large volume of IV fluids.

Burns: Burns can result in Acute renal failure in several ways. The first way is volume loss. You lose excessive fluids through the skin in burn patients and can result in dehydration. Burn patients are at higher risk for infection which can also lead to renal failure. Also medications given can hurt the kidneys, especially antibiotics like aminoglycosides.