Study of kidneys and: Normally the kidneys and ureters are studied by IVP exam where contrast is injected into veins and excreted by the kidneys. Sometimes, visualizations by this method is inadequate. Thru a cystoscope or ureteroscope, a small catheter is inserted into the ureter and contrast injected into the ureter visualizing it and the renal collecting system, the renal pelvis, thus a retrograde pyelogram
Answered 5/15/2014
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