Question 1

what happens to cardiac output and after load when when heart rate is low? does it increase because high heart rate causes decrease in co

Accepted Answer

Varies.: BUT in a young healthy person, generally the heart rate is low because the heart is efficiently pumping and the cardiac output is good. Generally, (in normals), increasing the heart rate increases pumping and cardiac output.

Question 2

can heart failure or low cardiac output be associated with protein deficiency and how to best recover? bnp=300 & protein 5.8g/dl

Accepted Answer

Can: Low protein due to protein loss, malnutrition, or breakdown of protein is common amongst many chronic diseases, heart failure included. Treat your heart failure aggressively, eat well, exercise.

Question 3

what is the percentage of cardiac output delivered to the heart?

Accepted Answer

About 4%: About 4% of the cardiac output goes to the heart muscle itself. That is the same either at rest or with exercise.

Question 4

how does the heart increase cardiac output?

Accepted Answer

Two ways: Either by pumping out more blood with each beat (by squeezing harder) or by beating faster. The output is the heart rate times the stroke volume. (the amount of blood pumped out with each beat).

Question 5

what to do if a transplanted heart has no nerve supply, how does the cardiac output of a transplanted heart increase and adapt to physiological changes?

Accepted Answer

Hormonal +/- nervous: The transplanted heart responds to hormonal changes. There is also some evidence that the transplanted heart may have some sympathetic re-innervation and possibly conduction of signals from the old sinus node to the new heart.

Question 6

what is main test for heart strength? echo? what about the cardiac output?

Accepted Answer

Echo: Echo is the simplest, easiest, cheapest, fastest way to determine the heart's strength ("ejection fraction"). Cardiac output, which is the product of heart rate and stroke volume (the amt of blood ejected per beat) can be calculated. Mri is more accurate but far more expensive and takes longer. Cardiac catheterization is the oldest way & still works fine for both but is invasive & more expensive.

Question 7

why athletes have higher cardiac output during maximal effort and lower higher rate at rest compared to non-athletes? why athletes and non-athletes have equal cardiac output during rest and equal heart rate at maximal effort?

Accepted Answer

: The difference is the stroke volume which is much higher with athlete's heart. So when the heart rate at rest is lower but stroke volume is higher, cardiac output can be the same or higher in athletes. At maximal effort, stroke volume drops in normal people due to reduced diastolic time (very high HR) but stroke volume does not change much in athlete which explains the athlete's higher C.O.

Question 8

can you tell me what occurs to heart rate, stroke volume and cardiac output during exercise?

Accepted Answer

All increase: Exercise causes an increased demand for blood flow to provide oxygen to the muscles doing the work.  This is accomplished by increase in heart rate and stoke volume.  Since cardiac output is determined by heart rate and stroke volume, it also goes up.  Blood pressure also typically increases with strenuous exercise.

Question 9

what are the signs and symptoms of left sided heart failure associated with decreased cardiac output?

Accepted Answer

Swelling: The left side of the heart pumps blood throughout your body.  When it fails, it decreases blood flow to organs. This can cause kidney injury, liver injury, fatigue, shortness of breath with little exertion, swelling of the feet and legs, fluid build-up in the lungs, and difficulty sleeping flat due to shortness of breath.  Medications and diet are important for this disease!

Question 10

what are the signs and symptoms of left sided heart failure due associated with decreased cardiac output?

Accepted Answer

Congestion: Breathlessness, especially with exertion. Easy fatigability. Impaired exercise capacity. These are early signs.  Without treatment, one becomes short of breath resting, especially when lying down (orthopnea) and at night (paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea). Eventually the right heart also fails leading to swelling (edema), abdominal fluid (ascites and effusions), and cachexia (wasting).

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How to strenghen the heart low cardiac output

A member asked:

What happens to cardiac output and after load when when heart rate is low? does it increase because high heart rate causes decrease in co

A member asked:

Can heart failure or low cardiac output be associated with protein deficiency and how to best recover? bnp=300 & protein 5.8g/dl

A member asked:

What is the percentage of cardiac output delivered to the heart?

A member asked:

How does the heart increase cardiac output?

A member asked:

What to do if a transplanted heart has no nerve supply, how does the cardiac output of a transplanted heart increase and adapt to physiological changes?

A member asked:

What is main test for heart strength? echo? what about the cardiac output?

A member asked:

Why athletes have higher cardiac output during maximal effort and lower higher rate at rest compared to non-athletes? why athletes and non-athletes have equal cardiac output during rest and equal heart rate at maximal effort?

A member asked:

Can you tell me what occurs to heart rate, stroke volume and cardiac output during exercise?

A member asked:

What are the signs and symptoms of left sided heart failure associated with decreased cardiac output?

A member asked:

What are the signs and symptoms of left sided heart failure due associated with decreased cardiac output?

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