Whether driven by worries about future fertility or current issues with conception, at-home sperm tests are gaining in popularity.

About 13 in 100 couples struggle to get pregnant with unprotected sex and in as many as half of those, the underlying cause is a sperm issue.

The option of an at-home test is attractive. Men can sidestep the awkward experience of providing a sample at a doctor’s office. And those who are reluctant to share their concerns can avoid speaking in-person with a doctor.

Before you do, however, here are some things to take into consideration.

What can an at-home test tell you?

In the U.S., there are several over-the-counter products with FDA clearance that allow men to test their sperm count, also known as sperm concentration.

But sperm count is only one factor in fertility. A normal sperm count doesn’t necessarily indicate you are fertile. And at-home kits don’t test for any underlying cause of infertility. They can also trigger false alarms and cause unnecessary anxiety.

A test doesn’t replace a doctor

Many doctors are concerned that at-home tests give men a false sense of security. A good sperm count might prevent them from speaking with a qualified physician about a separate-but-related issue. That could lead to delays in evaluation and treatment.

What at-home tests don’t tell you

Because at-home tests only determine sperm count, they offer no insight into the cause of infertility. By contrast, testing performed by a doctor can assess:

• Semen volume
• Total sperm number
• Sperm concentration
• Vitality (percent alive)
• Movement (motility)
• Shape (morphology)

Working with a doctor can also identify possible issues that impact fertility, such as testicular cancer, untreated/undiagnosed sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and chronic health problems. Other factors — everything from your weight to what medication you’re taking — are also best addressed with the support of a doctor.

Talk to your doctor first

If you’re concerned about fertility, schedule an appointment with your doctor. Starting a conversation about infertility concerns can help you to determine the cause, if any, while supporting your overall health.

Virtual consults with a HealthTap doctor are a good first step, and sidestep much of the awkwardness of an in-office visit. HealthTap doctors can diagnose, prescribe medicine, order lab tests, and recommend referrals. They provide a detailed treatment plan after every virtual visit to help keep you on track.

But remember, it’s not as dire as it sounds. There are treatments for male infertility, and with help, most people who are having difficulty getting pregnant can succeed with the right medical care and advice.